World Cancer Day 2025 has arrived with the theme “United by Unique,” reinforcing a collective commitment to addressing cancer’s ever-growing impact on individuals, families, and communities.
The World Health Organization (WHO) has seized the opportunity to pull on the significance of a personalized, people-centered approach to cancer care—one that engages healthcare providers, families, friends, and entire communities.
This year’s message encourages global unity in promoting early detection, medical advancements, and lifestyle changes that could ease cancer’s burden on societies.
However, despite tremendous strides in cancer research and treatment, global efforts still face persistent challenges. The WHO notes that national cancer control programs are often poorly implemented due to inconsistent alignment with evidence-based practices. As a result, millions of cancer cases remain avoidable. For example, cancer-causing agents such as areca nut remain unchecked in many regions. Additionally, cancer services are included in health benefit packages in just six countries, while cervical cancer screenings in seven nations cover less than 50% of the population—far below the 70% target needed for elimination.
Early diagnosis continues to be a problem, with late-stage diagnoses costing lives and valuable resources. Only a small percentage of cancer patients receive the palliative care they need, further highlighting the need for urgent action.
To address these challenges, experts stress that a multifaceted approach involving awareness, prevention, and early intervention is key. While not all cancers can be prevented, many can be mitigated through lifestyle changes and routine screenings.
Here are the most common types of cancer and actionable steps that individuals can take to lower their risks:
1. Breast Cancer
Breast cancer remains one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers in women.
Risk factors such as genetics, age, and lifestyle play a role, but individuals can reduce their risk by maintaining a healthy weight, staying active, limiting alcohol consumption, and scheduling regular mammograms for early detection.
2. Lung Cancer
The primary cause of lung cancer is smoking, but environmental factors such as air pollution, secondhand smoke, and radon gas also contribute.
An Associate Director of Radiation Oncology at Max Hospital in New Delhi, Dr. Aditi Agarwal recommends avoiding smoking and reducing occupational exposures to hazardous substances like asbestos to lower risk.
3. Colorectal Cancer
A diet high in saturated fats and red meat, combined with a sedentary lifestyle, can increase the risk of colorectal cancer. Dr. Agarwal advises incorporating more fiber-rich foods into one’s diet, engaging in regular exercise, and undergoing screenings like colonoscopies, which can detect precancerous polyps early.
4. Prostate Cancer
Prostate cancer predominantly affects older men. A diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and omega-3 fatty acids can help lower the risk. Regular checkups and PSA tests are critical for early detection. Maintaining a healthy weight and reducing red meat consumption may also offer protective benefits.
5. Cervical Cancer
Cervical cancer is largely caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), and its risk can be significantly reduced through HPV vaccination, regular Pap smears, and safe sex practices. Dr. Agarwal also recommends maintaining genital hygiene and limiting early childbirth as preventive measures.
6. Skin Cancer
Excessive sun exposure is the leading cause of skin cancer, particularly melanoma. Wearing sunscreen, avoiding tanning beds, and conducting regular skin checks are essential for prevention. Dr. Agarwal emphasizes minimizing exposure to UV rays as a key protective measure.
We Should Collaborate Better – Senator Oluremi Tinubu
In Nigeria, the First Lady, Senator Oluremi Tinubu, has called on citizens to prioritize their health and actively engage in the fight against cancer.
In her message for World Cancer Day 2025, she stressed the importance of raising awareness, detecting cancers early, and ensuring equitable access to treatment for all Nigerians. Her call serves as a reminder of the urgent need for national solidarity and proactive health measures.
ARCON Pulls Weight
The Association of Radiation and Clinical Oncologists of Nigeria (ARCON) echoed this sentiment, urging stakeholders across the country to collaborate in the battle against cancer.
According to ARCON’s National President, Nwamaka Lasebikan, the fight against cancer is a shared responsibility, one that requires a unified effort from all sectors to ensure early detection, quality treatment, and lasting support for individuals affected by the disease.
As the world observes World Cancer Day 2025, it is clear that overcoming cancer requires collective effort, ongoing research, and unwavering dedication to improving health outcomes for all. By working together, we can make significant strides toward reducing the cancer burden and ultimately, saving lives.
